| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Radical clock ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Radical clock
In chemistry, a radical clock is a chemical compound that assists in the indirect methodology to determine the kinetics of a free-radical reaction. The radical-clock compound itself reacts at a known rate, which provides a calibration for determining the rate of another reaction.
== Introduction ==
Many reactions in organic mechanisms involve intermediates that have a key role in the reaction. Understanding these intermediates and their chemical kinetics may be helpful in predicting the outcome of the reaction prior to performing the reaction itself. Among the different types of reactive intermediates that are involved in synthetic organic mechanisms such as carbocations, carbanions, and carbenes, interests in radical intermediates reactions have increased. A great deal of attention was drawn to them due to the discovery of their linkage in enzymatic pathways and in sonodynamic therapy in the treatment of cancer.〔Misik, V.; Riesz, P. ''Annals of New York Academy of Sciences.'' 2000, 899, 335–348.〕
Many techniques have been developed to measure the rates of radical reactions. The two possible ways to measure the reaction rates are direct and indirect approaches. Direct approaches such as the rotating sector method have restrictions that hinder their expansion or application to the wide variety of types of radical reactions of chemical interest. In addition, direct methods such as flash photolysis and pulse radiolysis require a relatively large amount of time and expensive equipment. With an indirect approach, one can still obtain relative or absolute rate constants without the need for instruments or equipment beyond those normally needed for the reaction being studied.〔Moss, R.A.; Platz, M.; Jones, M. Reactive Intermediate Chemistry. Wiley, John & Sons, Incorporated, 2004. 127–128.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Radical clock」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|